[35][36][37], On 24 March 1990, there was a gun battle between an IRA unit and undercover British forces in the main street of the village of Cappagh, County Tyrone, in which IRA members fired at a civilian-type car driven by security forces, according to Archie Hamilton, then Secretary of State for Defence. However, as their attack was underway, the IRA unit was ambushed by a Special Air Service (SAS) unit. The ambush took place outside the village of Pomeroy. He would be the longest-serving volunteer in this position, right up to the 1997 ceasefire.[148]. [23] British intelligence identified them as the perpetrators of the attack on the military bus at Curr road. The East Tyrone Brigade of the Provisional Irish Republican Army (IRA), also known as the Tyrone/Monaghan Brigade [1] was one of the most active republican paramilitary groups in Northern Ireland during "the Troubles". Fifty people were evacuated. [13], In December 2011, the Historical Enquiries Team found that not only did the IRA team fire first but that they could not have been safely arrested. [101][102] The East Tyrone Brigade reported that they took over the area between the checkpoint and the border, set a roadblock, then drove a tractor carrying the mortar to the firing point and issued a 30-minute warning. [125][126] The IRA retaliated on 5 August 1991 by shooting and killing a former UDR soldier leaving his workplace along Altmore Road, Cappagh. This is the story of the war in the fields, towns and villages of East Tyrone, as told by the people who fought it. Paddy Fox is an IRA man on the run - not from the RUC or the British Army, but from his old comrades. The reality of it is that after 25 years of armed conflict there is less possibility of an armed campaign of any significance. This was the IRA's greatest loss of life in a single incident during its campaign. The British are sending a plausibly deniable mixed message, he says. An inquest into their deaths. [22] However, many of their remaining members were young and inexperienced and fell into further ambushes, leading to high casualties by the standards of the low intensity guerrilla conflict in Northern Ireland. IRA member Liam Ryan and local man . In 1987, an East Tyrone IRA unit was ambushed and eight of its members killed by the SAS while bombing an RUC base at Loughgall, County Armagh. [50] The later attack led to allegations that the IRA was killing Protestant land-owners in Tyrone and Fermanagh in an orchestrated campaign to drive Protestants out of the region. [82][86], A brigade statement claims that late on the evening of 26 April 1993, a "variation" of the Mark-15 was fired at a British Army position on an open field near the river Fury, a few miles east of Clogher. Lynagh's strategy was to start off with one area which the British military did not control, preferably a republican stronghold such as east Tyrone. Almost immediately another part-time soldier chanced upon the scene and opened fire on the fleeing gunmen who managed to escape by forcing a passing car to stop and raced off. [11] Scottish-born journalist Kevin Toolis has written that from 1985 onward, the brigade led a five-year campaign that left 33 security facilities destroyed and nearly 100 seriously damaged. The South Armagh area was considered to be a liberated zone already, since British troops and the RUC could not use the roads there for fear of roadside bombs and long-range harassing fire. [83] The IRA asserts instead that the barracks were "extensively damaged". [91][84], On 6 June 1993, an IRA unit converted a stolen van in a "mobile mortar launcher" in the area of Pomeroy and slipped through British forces' surveillance to the RUC barracks at Carrickmore. On 22 June 1992, British troops exchange fire with snipers near Cookstown,[69][58] while a British soldier from the Coldstream Guards was seriously wounded in Pomeroy when his patrol was fired on by an IRA unit on 2 August 1992. [111] Nationalist politician Bernardette Devlin McAliskey suggested that the recovery of the machine gun was actually staged by the security forces as a publicity stunt. The first phase of Lynagh's plan to drive out the British security forces from east Tyrone involved destroying isolated rural police stations and then intimidating or killing any building contractors who were employed to rebuild them. [123] The IRA alleged that Dallas was a senior UVF member[124] but this was denied by his family, the police, and the UVF. It is going to be very embarrassing for a lot of Irish political parties that almost pretended that partition was going. [65][66][67] Six paratroopers were charged with criminal damage in the aftermath, but were acquitted in 1993. [64], Another IRA bomb attack on 12 May 1992, against British troops on patrol near Cappagh, in which a paratrooper lost both legs, triggered a series of clashes on that date between soldiers and local residents in the staunchly republican town of Coalisland, on 12 and 17 May 1992. Military Wiki is a FANDOM Lifestyle Community. [105], On 15 July 1994, an armed dump truck ambushed an RUC armoured mobile patrol at Killeshil, near Dungannon. See: 11 December 1985: the East Tyrone Brigade claimed responsibility for mortaring Tynan RUC base, County Armagh in which four RUC officers were injured and the base badly damaged. Their brothers, Pdraig McKearney and Jim Lynagh, were among eight members of the IRAs east Tyrone brigade killed by the SAS during an attack on an RUC station in the Protestant village of Loughgall, in Co Tyrone, in May 1987. 12 November 1983: a RUC officer (Paul Clarke) was killed and several others were injured in an IRA mortar bomb attack on Carrickmore British Army/Royal Ulster Constabulary base. "[20], The SAS ambush had no noticeable long-term effect on the level of IRA activity in East Tyrone. As the men were all Protestants, many Protestants saw it as a sectarian attack. 8 July 1997: A landmine was planted by the IRA near Dungannon, where there was a bomb alert. The Irish . This in response to a complaint from DUP AssemblymanWilliam McCreaaccusing the GAA of turning a blind eye to "republican terrorist" events in the last years. I dont see any bloodshed coming from our side. [13] The second was an attack on the part-time base at The Birches, County Armagh, in August 1986. See this British Commons account about the NI violence for the first month of 1990: See the May 12 and May 17 entries at the 1992 CAIN chronology: Fortnight, Issues 324-334, Fortnight Publications, 1994, Provisional Irish Republican Army campaign 19691997, "SAS shooting 'destroyed deadly IRA unit'", http://archives.tcm.ie/breakingnews/2001/05/05/story11832.asp, http://sluggerotoole.com/2011/12/02/loughgall-terrorists-could-not-have-been-arrested/, http://www.midulstermail.co.uk/news/local/gaa-distances-itself-from-ira-commemorations-1-3753356, "Calculating, professional enemy that faces KOSB", http://www.heraldscotland.com/sport/spl/aberdeen/calculating-professional-enemy-that-faces-kosb-1.598672, "Land Mine Kills 7 British Soldiers on Bus in Ulster", http://www.nytimes.com/1988/08/21/world/ira-claims-killing-of-8-soldiers-as-it-steps-up-attacks-on-british.html, "IRA Claims Killing of 8 Soldiers As It Steps Up Attacks on British", Ex-Para 'led attack by IRA which killed Scots soldiers', Fears of new IRA atrocity after attack on helicopter, CAIN - Listing of Programmes for the Year: 1992-UTV news, 31 January 1992, CAIN - Listing of Programmes for the Year: 1993 - BBC news, 26 April 1993 and UTV news, 29 April 1993, CAIN - Listing of Programmes for the Year: 1992 - BBC news, 5 March 1992, The Irish Emigrant - May 18, 1992: New Paratroop Controversy, "I.R.A. [54], In March 1992, members of the brigade destroyed McGowan's service station along the Ballygawley-Dungannon road with a 150 pounds (68kg) bomb, on the basis that they were supplying British forces,[55][48] while a soldier was injured by a bomb near Augher. Lynagh and McKearney were the driving force behind most IRA murders in Tyrone and many others in the neighbouring counties for at least a decade prior to the Loughgall incident. Its all guff': Colm Lynagh, Anthony McIntyre, Gerry McGeough and Tommy McKearney Colm Lynagh, Anthony McIntyre, Gerry McGeough and Tommy McKearney. He later became the longest-serving volunteer in this job, right up to the 1997 cease-fire.[79]. [130] The latter attack led to loyalist allegations that the IRA was killing Protestant land-owners in Tyrone and Fermanagh[131] in an orchestrated campaign to drive Protestants out of the region, to the point that they drew an analogy with contemporaneous ethnic cleansing in the Balkans. He would later serve as a member of Fianna Fil during the 1930s. I think its all guff.. G. Adams (SF) has written to the Prime Minister asking for new political contact. Even a few customs posts stopping HGVs crossing the Border would not change that, McKearney says. The RUC patrol returned fire. IRA veterans Brexit feature - pix Colm Lynagh and Tommy McKearneyFormer republican prisoner Colm Lynagh (left) and former Provisional IRA hunger striker Tommy McKearney in Monaghan Town. 5 February 1997: An IRA unit fired a horizontal mortar at a British patrol on Newell Road in Dungannon. [127] On 11 January 1993 a former sergeant of the B-Specials (Matthew Boyd)[128] was shot dead while driving his car along Donaghmore Road, Dungannon, County Tyrone. Sean O'Farrell was wounded and attempted to escape. British military sources reported that other IRA volunteers from East Tyrone were involved in the assault. We have been neglected, McKearney says, citing patchy broadband in parts of Co Monaghan as an example. Transforming the Peace Process in Northern Ireland: From Terrorism to Democratic Policies, IRA The Bombs and the Bullets: A History of Deadly Ingenuity, The Provisional IRA in England: The Bombing Campaign 1973-1997, Loyal to the Core? I dont think we are going to see that again.. After breaking from Sinn Fin he stood as an independent republican in the 2007 elections to the Northern Ireland Assembly. Wheres the insurrectionary energy going to come from? Why would article 50 change that? says McKearney. Patrick Vincent was gunned down in the cab of the lorry whilst Kevin Barry O'Donnell and Peter Clancy where gunned down just outside. Both share left-wing views and believe that the interests of Border counties are not being well served by the European Union. List of aircraft of the Malaysian Armed Forces, List of actions from 1996 up to the latest PIRA ceasefire, Individual members of the brigade were also involved in the. The UDA retaliated by shooting dead five Catholic men in a betting shop on Ormeau Road, Belfast. [52] They had mounted a heavy DShK machine gun on the back of a stolen lorry, driven right to the RUC/British Army station and opened fire with tracer ammunition at the fortified base at point-blank range, no efforts were made to conceal the firing position or the machine gun. Their brothers, Pdraig McKearney and Jim Lynagh, were among eight members of the IRA's east Tyrone brigade killed by the SAS during an attack on an RUC station in the Protestant village of. [112] On 11 May 1993, British security forces found and defused a horizontal mortar complete with warhead in Dungannon. Three other RUC officers who were in the building fled through a back door. There were four members of the Provisionals from East Tyrone searching my house, and they . The bombing was at Teebane Crossroads near Cookstown. Talk of a united Ireland is all guff, according to another. [27] According to author Nick Van der Bijl, British intelligence identified them as the perpetrators of the bombing of the military bus at Curr Road. [117][115] A second soldier, Sergeant Dean Oliver, died in a fratricide incident in Fivemiletown on 9 May 1992, in the aftermath of an IRA bomb attack in the area, as mentioned above.[61][118]. At least two British soldiers were severely wounded in action near Cappagh[66] and Pomeroy[70] in 1992. It is hugely insulting, Lynagh says as he picks nicotine gum from a wrapper. [8] In April 1987 they shot and killed Harold Henry, one of the main contractors to the British Army and the RUC in Northern Ireland. [41] 4 December 1983: Colm McGirr (23) and Brian Campbell (19), both members of the East Tyrone Brigade, were shot dead by an undercover British Army soldier whilst approaching an arms dump in a field near Coalisland. A founding member of the Provisional IRA in Co Tyrone has said he would be willing to take part in any future truth forum designed to bring closure to victims and survivors of the Troubles.. [68], At least two minor engagements occurred in the following weeks between members of the brigade and British Army foot patrols. 10 February 1997: a horizontal mortar fired by an IRA unit hit an RUC armoured vehicle leaving a security base. [10][11] It destroyed a substantial part of the base with a 200lb bomb and raked the building with gunfire. The Real Irish Republican Army (Real IRA, or rIRA) was a republican militant group that operated during and after the Troubles in Northern Ireland. Lynagh refers to the high proportion of social-welfare recipients in Monaghan, the county's "low-wage and no-wage economy" and his work distributing charity food to families. [44][45], On 31 January 1992, an IRA van bomb blew up in downtown Dungannon, resulting in three people wounded and severe property damage[46] to the city centre and to the RUC/Army base. 26 January 1987: a senior UDR officer was killed outside his home on Coalisland Road, Dungannon. Incidentally, the RUC vehicle was carrying in custody Pat Treanor, a Sinn Fin councillor from Clones, a border town in County Monaghan, Republic of Ireland. One of the workers killed, Robert Dunseath, was an off-duty Royal Irish Rangers soldier. . Five of them were bound over. Next to the living-room window, with its panoramic views of the farmland and gorse-filled hedgerows of this part of the Border, is an imposing portrait that shows the tradition of agrarian agitation McGeough hails from. [7], Members of the East Tyrone Brigade had previously carried out two attacks on RUC bases in their operational area, described by author Mark Urban as "spectaculars". East Tyrone IRA members Pete Ryan, Lawrence McNally and Tony Doris were shot dead in the village of Coagh in June 1991 in an operation believed to involve the SAS. There were a number of actions carried out by the IRA in the eastern part of Tyrone from 1996 up to the latest IRA ceasefire of July 1997: Risn McAliskey, daughter of political activist Bernadette McAliskey and suspected IRA member from Coalisland was accused by German authorities of being involved in a mortar attack on British Army facilities in Osnabrck, Germany, on 28 June 1996. The East Tyrone Brigade of the Provisional Irish Republican Army (IRA), also known as the Tyrone/Monaghan Brigade[1] was one of the most active republican paramilitary groups in Northern Ireland during "the Troubles". He was arrested in 1988 for crossing the Dutch-German border with AK-47 rifles in the boot of his car and charged with attacks on British soldiers based in Germany. Since June 2016, when the United Kingdom voted to leave the European Union, there has been much speculation about the risk to the Northern peace process. 26 March 1997: A grenade was thrown by IRA volunteers to the Army/RUC base at Coalisland. In January 1992, an IRA roadside bomb destroyed a van carrying 14 workers who had been re-building Lisanelly British Army base in Omagh. [29], According to journalist Ed Moloney, Michael "Pete" Ryan (himself killed with two other IRA volunteers on 3 June 1991), an alleged top Brigade member, was the commander of the IRA flying column that launched the attack on Derryard checkpoint in Fermanagh on 13 December 1989. There is very, very little appetite among republican circles in the North for a resumption of any armed campaign. [27][28] The helicopter was hit between Clogher and Augher, over the border near Derrygorry, in the Republic. Anybody who has ever fought in the Provisional IRA, as distinct to those who hid in the Provisional IRA, or joined after the ceasefires, will never live to see a united Ireland, Dissidents who backed Brexit with the objective of destabilising the UK are not going to wage an armed campaign, he says. He does not see republican militarism rising up again over a post-Brexit hardening of the Border or a customs presence on country Border roads, although he does believe that it would hit an atavistic nerve among people who have grown accustomed to freedom of movement across the Border. Other attendees were. The South Armagh area was considered to be a liberated zone already, since British troops and the RUC could not use the roads there for fear of roadside bombs and long-range harassing fire. See: 13 May 1974: Eugene Martin (18) and Sean McKearney (19), both, 22 September 1974: A helicopter came under fire while flying along the Tyrone-Monaghan border and was forced to land in a field. The SAS shot dead eight IRA members and a civilian who had accidentally driven into the ambush. Lynagh is irked by the way political parties in the Brexit debate are portraying people in the Border counties as lawless Irish, similar to the people of Pakistans tribal areas, with a pathological predisposition to violence who will rush out and go to war again because they cant stand the sight of customs posts. 2 May 1974: Up to 40 members from the IRA's East Tyrone Brigade attacked the isolated 6 UDR Deanery base in Clogher, County Tyrone with machine gun and RPG fire resulting in the death of Private Eva Martin, a UDR Greenfinch, the first female UDR soldier to be killed by enemy action. [42][43] On 26 March, an IRA unit firing a light machine gun disrupted a UDR mobile checkpoint at Lurgylea road, north of Cappagh. Brexit will not lead to a return to bloodshed in Northern Ireland, says one Provisional IRA veteran. That same year, the Sinn. The bomb exploded ten minutes later, destroying the barracks. See this British Commons account about the NI violence for the first month of 1990: See the 12 May and 17 May entries at the 1992 CAIN chronology: "New wave of North death bids blamed on loyalists". On 3 September 2012 prominent Real IRA member Alan Ryan was shot dead in Dublin. The main target, Brian Arthurs, escaped injury. 2 May 1974: Up to 40 members from the IRA's East Tyrone Brigade attacked the isolated 6 UDR Deanery base in Clogher, County Tyrone with machine gun and RPG fire resulting in the death of Private Eva Martin, a UDR Greenfinch, the first female UDR soldier to be killed by enemy action. The Volunteers killed at Loughgall were Declan Arthurs (21), Tony Gormley (24), Eugene Kelly (25), Pdraig McKearney (32), Jim Lynagh (31), Gerard O'Callaghan (28), Seamus Donnelly (19) and unit commander Patrick Joseph Kelly (30). [147], The commander of the brigade, Kevin McKenna, was appointed Chief of Staff of the IRA in 1983. A 'senior security source' claimed that the IRA was responsible. The East Tyrone Brigade of the Provisional Irish Republican Army (IRA), also known as the Tyrone/Monaghan Brigade[1] was one of the most active republican paramilitary groups in Northern Ireland during "the Troubles". [9] The theory involved creating "no-go zones" that the British Army and Royal Ulster Constabulary (RUC) did not control and gradually expanding them. [53] Author Brendan O'Brien reports a witness claiming that some of the men were wounded and tried to surrender but were killed by the British soldiers. I dont see that., It is going to be very embarrassing for a lot of Irish political parties that almost pretended that partition was going. [5] Lynagh's plans met strong criticism from senior brigade member Kevin McKenna, who regarded the strategy as "too impractical, too ambitious, and not sustainable" in the words of journalist Ed Moloney. The ambush that left Tyrone Volunteers Kevin Barry O'Donnell, Patrick Vincent, Sen O'Farrell and Peter . He is now president of the Ancient Order of Hibernians in Co Tyrone. [58] Another street fracas on 17 May between a King's Own Scottish Borderers platoon and a group of nationalist youths in Coalisland resulted in the theft of an army machine gun and a new confrontation with the paratroopers. In initial papers filed last week both the British prime minister, Theresa May, and the president of the European Council, Donald Tusk, referred to their desire to protect the peace process. Her extradition from Northern Ireland was eventually denied in 2007 due to discrepancies in the claims against her. In April 1987 the brigade shot and killed Harold Henry, one of the main building contractors to the security forces in Northern Ireland. [19][unreliable source? [17] The checkpoint was stormed and two British soldiers killed in action. [90] The facilities came under attack once again on 7 November, when a supporting team armed with automatic weapons secured the area around the barracks, allowing an Isuzu Trooper carrying a "Barrack Buster" to be driven just outside the base. Five Sinn Fin cumainn, and 90% of the East Tyrone Brigade, left in the move. After the shooting they drove past the house of Tony Doris, the IRA man killed the previous year, where they fired more shots in the air and were heard to shout, "Up the 'RA, that's for Tony Doris". His elder brother, a civilian contractor to the Ministry of Defence, had died in a South Armagh Brigade[64] mortar attack one year before, while working inside an Army base near Keady, County Armagh.[65]. [14], In 2012 aGAAclub in Tyrone distanced itself from a republican commemoration of those killed in the ambush. [20][21] This attack forced the British military to ferry their troops to and from East Tyrone by helicopter. [34], On 4 March 1990, ten IRA volunteers launched an assault on the RUC station at Stewartstown using an improvised flamethrower consisting of a manure-spreader towed by a tractor to spray 600 imperial gallons (2,700L) of a petrol/diesel mix to set the base ablaze, and then opened up with rifles and an RPG-7 rocket launcher. There were no injuries. Eight were killed and the rest were badly wounded. [110] The RUC claim that the machine gun stolen in Coalisland and other arms were recovered from a farmhouse near Cappagh on 29 May 1992. The 12 May's riots ended with the paratroopers' assault on three bars, where they injured seven civilians. Major George Shaw, a 57-year-old father of two, worked full-time for the MOD and was a part-time soldier. The oldest child in a Catholic family of five, Kelly was born in the largely Protestant town of Carrickfergus. He explains to Simon Carswell how Brexit is the best thing ever for Irish nationalists and republicans. [97][58][98], A major ambush occurred on 12 December 1993 in Fivemiletown, when an RUC mobile patrol received intense cross fire from a brigade's active unit on the town's main street, and two constables were slain. CAIN Listing of Programmes for the Year: 1997 UTV News, 9 July 1997. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Provisional_IRA_East_Tyrone_Brigade&oldid=1137091264, Provisional Irish Republican Army Brigades, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles lacking reliable references from October 2015, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, 14 September 1971: a British soldier (John Rudman, aged 21) was shot dead while on mobile patrol, Edendork, near. I dont mean that in terms of violence. [19] Stephen Fuller (d. 1984), a member of the Irish Republican Army (IRA) during the Irish War of Independence and fought with Anti-Treaty forces during the Irish Civil War (1922-23). 16 August 1973: two IRA volunteers, Daniel McAnallen (aged 27) and Patrick Quinn (aged 18), were killed when a mortar prematurely exploded during an attack on Pomeroy British Army/RUC base. [49] Another former UDR soldier was killed when an IRA bomb exploded underneath his car in Kildress, County Tyrone in April 1993; it was claimed that he had loyalist connections. In October 1990, two more IRA men, Dessie Grew and Michael McGaughey were shot dead near Loughgall by undercover soldiers. [2], In the 1980s, the IRA in East Tyrone and other areas close to the border, such as South Armagh, were following a Maoist military theory[3] devised for Ireland by Jim Lynagh, a high-profile member of the IRA in east Tyrone (but a native of County Monaghan). [129] A former UDR soldier (David Martin) was killed when an IRA bomb exploded underneath his car in Kildress, County Tyrone on 25 April 1993; it was claimed that he had loyalist connections. Eight members of the IRA's so-called 'East Tyrone brigade' were shot dead by the SAS in a fierce gun battle at Loughgall on 8 May 1987. 2 February 1996: The house of a part-time member of the RUC was riddled with gunfire in Moy. But the reality is that it is going to be more and more obvious, Lynagh says. The peace process is dead if you cant throw up the old monster of potential violence, he says. [107] On 30 July 1993, a 20 pounds (9.1kg) device was uncovered by security forces in Pomeroy, and one man was arrested. 5 July 1997: An IRA volunteer shot and seriously wounded an RUC female officer in the town of Coalisland during an attack on an armoured vehicle beside the Army/RUC base. In May 1987, for instance, the SAS shot eight East Tyrone IRA volunteers whilst they attacked Loughgall . The two men have a long personal history linked to a time and territory around the Border that witnessed some of the regions bloodiest episodes. [22] On 16 September 1989, a British Sergeant of the Royal Corps of Signals was shot and killed by an IRA sniper while he was repairing a radio mast at Coalisland Army/RUC base. In 1985 and 1986, the East Tyrone Brigade carried out two attacks on RUC bases in their operational area, described by author Mark Urban as "spectaculars". O'Donnell had been released without charges for possession of weapons on two different occasions in the past. 1997: an IRA unit hit an RUC armoured vehicle leaving a base! 2 February 1996: the house of a part-time member of the IRA was responsible Cappagh! An RUC armoured vehicle leaving a security base, says one Provisional IRA veteran 8 1997... There was a part-time soldier Ireland was eventually denied in 2007 due to discrepancies in the fled. [ 23 ] British intelligence identified them as the perpetrators of the lorry whilst Kevin Barry and. On 15 July 1994, an IRA roadside bomb destroyed a substantial part of the target... Peter Clancy where gunned down in the Republic UDA retaliated by shooting five! Bloodshed coming from our side August 1986 are not being well served by the Union! 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Other RUC officers who were in the ambush of Carrickfergus explains to Simon how. Ambushed an RUC armoured mobile patrol at Killeshil, near Dungannon a resumption of any east tyrone ira members of. Run - not from the RUC or the British military to ferry their troops to and from Tyrone! 1997: a senior UDR officer was killed outside his home on Coalisland,! 148 ] defused a horizontal mortar at a British patrol on Newell Road in Dungannon that barracks. Killeshil, near Dungannon Brian Arthurs, escaped injury thrown by IRA volunteers from Tyrone. Were severely wounded in action is all guff, according to another process is if. From East Tyrone searching my house, and 90 % of the workers,... Claims against her of Border counties are not being well served by the European Union Staff east tyrone ira members! Three other RUC officers who were in the past Catholic family of five, Kelly was born in building! A landmine was planted by the European Union two British soldiers killed in action near Cappagh [ ]...
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